Collective reinforced concrete foundations. Collective reinforced concrete foundations are the supporting elements of the integrated prefabricated structure consisting of individual reinforced concrete elements (in detail about prefabricated reinforced concrete structures see. volume. III “Calculations and structures”, volume VII “Part of the buildings” of the “Stroyindustriy”). It should be noted that in the vast majority of cases, foundations for prefabricated reinforced concrete structures are monolithic structures, prepared in advance in the formwork at the place of their future work. The manufacture of them in advance directly on the spot from a monolithic reinforced concrete does not require the cost of special supporting structures in the process of concreting and exposing, so the assembly reinforced concrete in these structures loses one of its main advantages over the monolith. There are even cases of the subsequent manufacture of the foundation near the column, previously installed on easy concrete preparation. If the reinforced concrete foundation enters the site as a ready -made reinforced concrete product, then for the correct installation of it in place, measures should be taken to make the correct horizontal surface of the foundation of the foundation in advance (usually concrete preparation). The following are several examples of such foundations.
As indicated above, the idea of collecting loses its economic advantages regarding structures lying directly on the ground (foundations, rendered speakers, etc. p.). Regardless of the forms of further development of reinforced concrete structures, it can be assumed that the main form of the foundation for prefabricated reinforced concrete structures will be monolithic reinforced concrete.
Existing types of prefabricated foundations can be divided into two categories:
1) hinged foundations that perceive only vertical and horizontal loads; The connection of such foundations with the column is carried out using hinges;
2) the embedded (hard) foundations that perceive, in addition to the vertical and horizontal load, also bending moments.