The foundation is the fundamental part of any construction and here it depends on the correct solutions how the construction will go further. You can get a wonderful house, or you can lose all your savings and time.
The foundation or pile -screw foundation is the most difficult and most important part of the construction. In front of him, you need to draw up and approve the project, make a detailed drawing of the house, decide what where there will be a very important point, you need to choose a good place for construction, there should be solid soil without voids and floodplains.
The strength and durability of the building depends on the quality of the foundation, the cost of the foundation is usually a quarter of the total cost of building a house, here the saving of the material is inappropriate.
Before starting the installation of the foundation, engineering and geological surveys are carried out. On factors such as the depth of groundwater, the composition of the soil, the breadth of the terrain and freezing of the soil depends on what type of foundation will be chosen, and the technology of work is determined.
There are four main types of foundation: on tape, slab, column and pile. They produce different pressure on the soil and are designed for different types of structures.
Ribbon foundations. It is installed along the contour of the loading walls of the building of both internal and external, in depth goes on the entire thickness of the developed soil. As a rule, this type of foundation is arranged either from the foundation blocks, or a monolith is made, but in less high buildings, a bottle of or brick is used. The width of the foundation should be slightly wider than the planned walls, but not as if. In cases where the width of the foundation is not enough for stability, special pillows (wide foundation blocks) are used or the base is expanded in a monolith.
Plaet foundation. Often used in places of permafrost. It is a solid plate of reinforcement and concrete (floating foundation) is mainly used for low buildings, minus is the absence of the foundation and obvious financial costs (hundreds of cubes of concrete, not to mention reinforcement).
Columnous foundations small shreds of the foundation, as a rule, is used to build bridges and erect decorative columns.
Piles are long concrete, iron or wooden pillars (up to 12 meters) are usually used in places where there are no solid soils and close soil water. The piles are driven into the soil to a solid base, but sometimes there is no this basis and then they use floating piles, unlike the usual they have a curved shape, which creates a greater strength of friction about the soil.
Well, now all types of foundations are known, it remains only to choose the right one and you can start building.
